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Generic vs Brand-name: what is the difference?
FDA requires a generic to have the same active ingredient, strength, dosage form, and route as the brand-name drug, and to be the same in dosage, safety, effectiveness, strength, stability, and quality. A brand-name drug is sold under a trademark and protected by a patent; generics usually cost less.
Facts only, from 2 cited sources, checked October 23, 2026. This page does not recommend either option.
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Generic vs Brand-name side by side
| Generic drug | Brand-name drug | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Active ingredient | Same as the brand-name drug | The original | FDA: Generic Drug Facts |
| Strength, dosage form, route | Same | Same | FDA: Generic Drug Facts |
| Name | The active ingredient's name | A trademark name | HealthCare.gov glossary: Brand name (drugs) |
| Price effect (FDA) | One generic competitor: about 30% lower prices; five: nearly 85% lower | Reference price | FDA: Generic Drug Facts |
| Label | Same as the brand's, with certain exceptions | The original label | FDA: Generic Drug Facts |
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What is the difference between Generic and Brand-name?
FDA requires a generic to have the same active ingredient, strength, dosage form, and route as the brand-name drug, and to be the same in dosage, safety, effectiveness, strength, stability, and quality. A brand-name drug is sold under a trademark and protected by a patent; generics usually cost less.
Are generic drugs as effective as brand-name drugs?
FDA says generics work the same way and provide the same clinical benefit and risks as their brand-name counterparts.